External objects of desire

If characters are icebergs, and their internal desires are the hidden depths beneath the water, then their external desires are the visible tip above. These are the tangible goals and targets that your characters aim for, and they're just as crucial in crafting a compelling narrative. In this article, we'll delve into the world of external objects of desire – what they are, why they're important, and how you can use them to develop your story.

What are external objects of desire?

An external object of desire is a concrete, tangible goal that a character pursues over the course of the narrative. This could be a quest for the Holy Grail, a mission to save the world, a race to secure a coveted job, or a journey to win the heart of a love interest. These goals set the plot in motion and give the narrative its direction.

Why do these matter? Because they provide a clear sense of purpose and direction. They offer readers a way to measure the character's progress and to understand what's at stake.

Identifying external objects of desire

External desires often stem from a character's backstory and personal goals. If a character was raised in poverty, they might yearn for wealth. If they were overlooked and undervalued, they might seek recognition and success.

Setting and environment also influence external desires. A character living in a war-torn country might have survival as their primary external desire. On the other hand, a character from a wealthy, competitive family might aim for professional success.

Character motivation is key to identifying external objects of desire. What does your character want, and why do they want it?

Developing external objects of desire

As with internal desires, showing rather than telling is vital. Instead of outright stating a character's desire, demonstrate it through their actions, choices, and conflicts.

Conflict and obstacles are pivotal in developing external desires. They provide the challenges that the character must overcome to reach their goal, and they're what keep readers engaged and invested in the story.

A deep dive into common types of external objects of desire

Let's explore some common types of external objects of desire using examples from literature.

1. Wealth and material possessions

Many characters pursue wealth or material goods, driven by a desire for security, status, or freedom. In The Great Gatsby, Jay Gatsby's pursuit of wealth stems from his desire to win Daisy's love.

2. Career success and recognition

Some characters aim for professional success, seeking recognition, power, or fulfilment. In The Devil Wears Prada, Andrea Sachs initially pursues career success, only to realise that it comes at too high a cost.

3. Love and romantic relationships

Love is a powerful external desire, driving characters to great lengths. In Pride and Prejudice, Mr Darcy's desire for Elizabeth Bennet's love leads him to confront his pride and prejudices.

Using external objects of desire in writing

External desires are crucial narrative devices. They shape the plot, create conflict, and motivate your characters.

For instance, a character's external desire to win a competition can provide the central conflict of the narrative, dictating the major events and turning points.

Examples of external objects of desire in literature

From Moby Dick to Harry Potter, external objects of desire have propelled some of the most iconic narratives in literature. Captain Ahab's obsession with the white whale drives the plot of Moby Dick, while Harry Potter's mission to defeat Voldemort shapes the entire Harry Potter series.

Balancing internal and external objects of desire

While external objects of desire provide the visible trajectory of the narrative, they need to be balanced with internal desires to create truly three-dimensional characters.

In To Kill a Mockingbird, Scout's external desire to understand her father's decision to defend Tom Robinson is balanced by her internal desire for moral understanding. And in The Lord of the Rings, Frodo's external mission to destroy the ring is underscored by his internal struggle with temptation and fear.

Charting the path of desire

Understanding your character's external objects of desire is akin to mapping the visible course of their journey. These desires provide the milestones that mark their progress, the obstacles that challenge them, and the goals that drive them.

So carefully chart your characters' paths, and let their external desires lead the way. After all, these desires are not just about what your characters want – they're about what they're willing to struggle for. And that struggle is the heart of any compelling narrative.

💡 Read more: 101 potential external objects of desire

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